Which of the following is a common material used in water distribution pipes?

PVC, or Polyvinyl Chloride, is a common material used in water distribution pipes due to its versatility, durability, and resistance to corrosion. It is lightweight, making it easier to handle and install compared to heavier materials. PVC also offers a smooth interior surface, which minimizes friction and allows for efficient water flow, reducing energy costs associated with pumping. Its resistance to chemical degradation makes it an ideal choice for a variety of water types, including those with a range of pH levels.

In addition to these practical benefits, PVC's cost-effectiveness is a significant factor in its widespread use in water distribution systems. It is typically less expensive than materials like stainless steel or cast iron, making it a budget-friendly option for municipalities and developers. Furthermore, PVC pipes are not subject to rust or scaling, which helps maintain water quality over time.

Concrete is often used for larger infrastructure projects, such as storage tanks or water treatment facilities, but is not commonly used for the distribution pipes themselves. Stainless steel is durable and resistant to corrosion but is more expensive and heavier, making it less common for standard distribution applications. Cast iron has been a traditional choice, particularly in older infrastructure, but it is susceptible to corrosion and heavy, which makes it less favored in modern