What is the primary role of an air relief valve?

The primary role of an air relief valve is to release accumulated air in a water distribution pipeline. In a water distribution system, air can become trapped in the pipes, which can lead to various operational issues. If air pockets form, they can cause pressure fluctuations, reduce the efficiency of the system, and even lead to water hammer effects, which can damage pipes and fittings.

An air relief valve is specifically designed to automatically vent the air from the system, allowing water to flow freely and maintaining optimal pressure levels. By eliminating trapped air, these valves help ensure the reliability and efficiency of the water distribution system.

The other options relate to different functions that are not associated with air relief valves. Increasing water pressure, for instance, would typically involve pumps or pressure control valves, while measuring water flow is done using flow meters. Monitoring water quality is handled by specific testing equipment and sensors that assess various water quality parameters.