What does chlorination refer to in water treatment?

Chlorination refers to the important process of adding chlorine to water primarily for disinfection purposes. This method is widely employed in water treatment to eliminate harmful bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens that can pose serious health risks. By introducing chlorine into the water supply, it effectively targets and destroys these microorganisms, helping to ensure that the water is safe for human consumption and use.

The effectiveness of chlorination lies in chlorine's strong oxidizing properties, which not only kill existing pathogens but also provide a residual effect that helps to maintain water quality as it travels through distribution systems. This is crucial in preventing contamination after the water has been treated. Chlorination is a cornerstone in public health policy related to water safety, and understanding this process is vital for anyone involved in water treatment and distribution.